Stroke: Recognising the Signs

What is it?
A stroke occurs when the blood supply to part of the brain is interrupted or reduced, depriving brain tissue of oxygen and nutrients. There are two main types: ischaemic (caused by a clot) and haemorrhagic (caused by bleeding). Prompt treatment is critical to minimise brain damage.

Common Symptoms

• Sudden numbness or weakness (especially on one side of the body)
  
• Confusion or trouble speaking
  
• Difficulty seeing in one or both eyes
  
• Loss of balance or coordination
  
• Severe headache with no known cause
  

What can I do?

• Act FAST: Use the FAST test to see if these occur:

Face drooping

Arm weakness

Speech difficulty

Time to call emergency services.

• Call Emergency Services Immediately: Time is critical in reducing long-term damage.
  
• Know Your Risk Factors: High blood pressure, smoking, diabetes, and atrial fibrillation increase your risk.
  
• Follow Prevention Advice: Take prescribed medications, maintain a healthy diet, and exercise regularly.
  
• Attend Follow-ups: Regular check-ups help manage risk factors and recovery progress.
  

Common Medical Treatments

• Clot-busting drugs (thrombolytics) for ischaemic strokes
  
• Surgery or procedures to remove clots or repair vessels
  
• Rehabilitation (physiotherapy, speech therapy, occupational therapy)
  
• Blood pressure and cholesterol management
  

When to Consult Your Doctor

• If you experience any stroke symptoms, even temporarily (a mini-stroke or Transient Ischaemic Attack (TIA))
  
• To manage blood pressure, cholesterol, or atrial fibrillation
  
• If you’ve had a previous stroke or TIA
  

Remember
Every second counts. Recognising the signs of a stroke and acting fast can save lives and improve recovery outcomes.