Glaucoma

What is it?

Glaucoma is a group of eye conditions that damage the optic nerve, which is crucial for good vision. It’s often associated with elevated pressure within the eye, but it can also occur with normal eye pressure. Glaucoma can lead to vision loss and blindness if left untreated, usually starting with peripheral vision loss that gradually progresses to central vision loss.

What can I do?

1. Regular Eye Exams: Schedule regular eye exams with an optometrist or ophthalmologist, especially if you’re over 40 or have a family history of glaucoma. Early detection and treatment are essential for preventing vision loss.
2. Eye Protection: Protect your eyes from injury by wearing safety glasses during activities that pose a risk of eye trauma, such as sports or yard work.
3. Healthy Lifestyle: Maintain a healthy lifestyle by eating a balanced diet, exercising regularly, managing your weight, and avoiding smoking. Some studies suggest that a healthy lifestyle may help reduce the risk of glaucoma progression.

Common Medical Treatments

1. Eye Drops: Prescription eye drops are often the first line of treatment for glaucoma. These eye drops help lower intraocular pressure (IOP) by either reducing the production of aqueous humor (the fluid inside the eye) or improving its drainage.
2. Oral Medications: In some cases, oral medications may be prescribed to lower IOP, particularly if eye drops are ineffective or not tolerated.
3. Laser Therapy: Laser procedures such as trabeculoplasty or iridotomy may be recommended to improve the drainage of aqueous humor from the eye, thus reducing IOP.
4. Surgery: In advanced cases or if other treatments are ineffective, surgical procedures like trabeculectomy or shunt implantation may be necessary to lower IOP and preserve vision.

When to Consult Your Doctor

It is important to consult your eye doctor if you experience:

• Blurred vision or loss of peripheral vision.
• Halos around lights.
• Eye pain or redness.
• Nausea or vomiting with eye pain.
• Changes in your vision prescription.
• Any concerns or questions about your eye health or treatment plan.

Remember:

Glaucoma is often referred to as the “silent thief of sight” because it typically progresses without symptoms until significant vision loss occurs. Early detection, regular monitoring, and adherence to treatment are key to preserving vision and maintaining eye health. Always consult your eye doctor for personalised advice and recommendations.